In the vast and ever-evolving field of medical imaging, Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scans hold a key role. This non-invasive procedure has become instrumental in diagnosing and monitoring conditions related to bone health.
This comprehensive guide aims to shed light on the many facets of DEXA scans, from their purpose to their benefits and limitations.
Understanding DEXA Scans
DEXA scans, also known as DXA scans, are primarily used to evaluate bone mineral density. This scan helps in the early detection of osteoporosis, which weakens bones and makes them more prone to fractures. Furthermore, DEXA scans provide valuable information to the healthcare provider about a patient’s risk of fractures and can guide the treatment course.
How DEXA Scans Work
The DEXA scan uses two different X-ray beams – one high energy and one low energy. These X-rays are absorbed by the bones and soft tissues in varying degrees. The difference in absorption between the bones and the soft tissues allows the machine to calculate bone density. The scan is painless, non-invasive, and relatively quick. The entire process often takes less than 30 minutes.
Preparing for a DEXA Scan
Preparation for a DEXA scan is minimal. Patients are usually advised to avoid calcium supplements for 24 hours before the test. Clothing without zippers, buttons, or any metal is preferred. Prior to the scan, a detailed medical history is taken to ensure the test is safe and useful for the patient.
What Happens During a DEXA Scan?
The scan begins with the patient lying flat on a comfortable padded table. This position allows the scanner to move smoothly over the body and capture the necessary images.
The scanner, a large device with a C-shaped arm, is positioned above the patient. This arm houses the X-ray source and detectors, which work in tandem to create detailed images of the patient’s bone structure.
Typically, the areas of focus during the scan are the lower spine and hips. These regions often show the first signs of osteoporosis and are critical to assessing overall bone health.
A full-body scan may sometimes be necessary. This comprehensive approach provides a broader view of bone density and can help identify less common areas of bone loss.
Patients experience no pain or discomfort during DEXA scans.
Interpreting DEXA Scan Results
DEXA scan results are usually reported as “T-scores” and “Z-scores.” The T-score weighs up the patient’s bone density with what is normally expected in a healthy young adult of the same sex. The Z-score looks at the patient’s bone density compared to what is normally expected for someone of their age, sex, weight, and ethnic origin.
The Benefits of DEXA Scans
DEXA scans are vital in the early detection of osteoporosis. They identify low bone density before a fracture occurs. This helps patients take preventive measures to strengthen their bones and reduce their risk of injury.
Beyond osteoporosis, DEXA scans can also detect other bone-related conditions. They provide a comprehensive view of bone health, providing insights into potential issues like primary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency. DEXA scans are also used to monitor the progress of treatments for osteoporosis or other bone disorders. Additionally, they can help guide lifestyle changes aimed at improving bone health.
DEXA scans also help patients make informed decisions about diet, exercise, and other factors that influence bone strength.
The Limitations of DEXA Scans
While DEXA scans are highly beneficial, they do have certain limitations. For instance, they cannot definitively diagnose osteoporosis alone. Other factors like age, risk factors, and physical examination findings are also considered.
Additionally, DEXA scans cannot predict who will experience a fracture but can only indicate an increased risk.
When You Need a DEXA Scan
A DEXA scan is typically recommended for women aged 65 or older and men aged 70 or older. This is because the risk of osteoporosis increases with age.
This scan may also be recommended for:
- Postmenopausal women under 65 who have one or more risk factors for osteoporosis
- Individuals who have been taking corticosteroids or other medications that can lead to bone loss
- A person who has experienced a fracture after mild trauma
- Those with conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease, kidney disease, or type 1 diabetes
DEXA Scan Near You in Pensacola & Lake Mary, FL
DEXA scans play an integral part in assessing and managing bone health. Despite its limitations, this tool provides invaluable information that can guide medical professionals in preventing and treating bone-related conditions. As medical technology continues to advance, the utility and accuracy of DEXA scans are likely to improve, further solidifying their importance in the realm of diagnostic imaging.
Do you need a DEXA scan near you? If so, you can depend on Innovative Open MRI & Imaging and our board-certified, fellowship-trained radiologists. Our expert team of healthcare providers will make sure you get the most out of the scan. You may reach our Pensacola office at (850) 433-0674 or our Lake Mary office at (407) 915-6355. You can also book a consultation with our secure online appointment request form.
We look forward to serving you!
